World Federal Distinction – What Does It Mean?
World Federal Distinction answers the dilemma noted by the renowned international lawyer Dr. Max Habicht, co-author of the Earth Constitution, Chair of the Montreux Conference and founder of the World Federalist Movement.
Dr. Max Habicht early on described a long-standing problem of the Earth Federation Movement, which was that the continental federations (USA, Russia, China, India) faced reduced representation in the upper house of the world federation parliament based upon sheer size and incomprehension. According to the Earth Constitution, a nation of less than 10 million inhabitants has one nations member, a nation of 10 to 100 million has two nations members and a nation of more than 100 million has three nations members. But nationhood itself is not defined in the Earth Constitution. As other continents (Europe, Africa and South America) began federal processes, it became clear that reducing the respective representation of these nascent continental federations from dozens down to three was not logical. The corollary was that restricting the respective representation of long-standing continental federations was also not logical. In December of 2010, the 12th session of Provisional World Parliament meeting at Calcutta, West Bengal, India, took the historic step to officially recognize this principle. Representation by the continental federations’ constituent states, pradesh, and cantons allows a reasonable state level representation from the respective continents or subcontinents. The World Parliament recognizes continental federations for purposes of cohesion, but does not accept continental federations as constituent members per se, because to do so would undercut the properly weighted state representation from the respective continent. The world federation recognizes the continental federations for purposes of tax withholdings for continental federation accounts, as well as for upholding other continental federation laws, because to do so is of convenience to both the Earth Federation as well as to the respective continental federations. Recognition of the continental federations assists with the transmission of power to the world federal level. Although the Earth Federation recognizes continental federations, there is no question of sovereignty to the continental federations, and all officers of continental federations are subject to the world law, same as federal officers at the higher level or anyone else.
Finally, but not least, it is not prior participation in any confederation (such as the United Nations Organization) that determines statehood for membership in a world federation, but rather it is the preliminary ratification itself of the founding document, the Earth Constitution, that creates legal and legitimate grounds for membership in the world federation.
As federation itself is not a conventional process or treaty system, but rather an internal affair of the constituents, the decision for it is generally protected for constituent states and people. In the case of the United States, the rights and powers of world federation are protected under the 9th and 10th amendments to the United States Constitution: powers not delegated to the continental federation are reserved to the states and to the people, and named rights do not disparage those unnamed.
In terms of electoral process and representation, it might be helpful to describe the importance of world federal distinction in terms of a particular continental federation:
In the case of the United States of America, all states of the United States will be able to appoint or elect one world federal senator (Member to the House of Nations), if they so decide, except for the following populous states, which will be able to appoint or elect two (2) world federal senators: California, Texas, Illinois, Ohio, Florida, Pennsylvania and New York. States on the cusp of two world senators based on the US 2010 census are the following: Michigan, Georgia, and North Carolina. These states will likely attain qualification for two world senators at the time or before the time of the 2020 US Federal Census, if they experience population growth in the intervening years.
This means that the constituent states of the United States together might appoint 57 world senators during this decade, and replace them with 61 world senators by the next decade. These numbers do not affect in any way the number of United States national or continental senators elected to serve in D.C., which remains at 100.
From its originally assumed size of about 250 Members, the projected size of the House of Nations is approximately doubled in senatorial membership based on the principle of the World Federal Distinction. In conformance with the Earth Constitution, from around the world, the overall number of Members to concurrently serve in the world senate or House of Nations, is now very roughly estimated at about 450 to 500 senators. The exact number will depend on the number of national ratifications worldwide and the population sizes of the ratifying countries.
The following information was not directly affected by the decision for World Federal Distinction, but since the matter of world federal distinction addresses electoral processes, the information is included below to help round out the vision of world electoral processes:
Based on the United States Census figures of 308 million people, and from World Districts drawn by the World Boundaries and Elections Administration and confirmed by the World Parliament, the contiguous United States of America will elect 44 world congress members (Members to the House of Peoples). Residents of Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and other island states will pair with nearby lands or islands to elect their world congress Members. So the overall representation from the United States in the House of Peoples is not a whole number, but for practical purposes is 45 Members, based on overall population of the United States and its territories.
The world congress members come from the world districts, not the states themselves. Since the world districts are a function of population (one thousandth of the world population within the limits of plus or minus 10%, that is, between 6.3 million and 7.7 million people), some states will contain several districts, some states one, some states only a part of a district, and some states will have parts of two districts or more. For instance, California with over 37 million in population requires five world districts. Arizona, with 6.4 million can be a world district to itself. Delaware, with less than a million in population, will need to team, perhaps with Maryland and District of Columbia. Georgia has nearly 10 million, and so must take a district line within its borders, sharing one of its two districts, perhaps certain southern counties of Georgia with certain northern counties of Florida.
The students and faculty of the contiguous United States will nominate persons from anywhere to serve in the House of Counsellors. After the nominees have reduced their own number (to at least twenty and no more than thirty), then the world senators and world congresspersons from the contiguous United States shall elect ten members from these candidates to serve as World Counsellors.
As for Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico and the Island Territories, these places will nominate prospective Counsellors candidates to their respective World Regions.
Due to the academic basis to the nomination process, Counsellors might originate from within or without the United States in any event. Counsellors nominated and elected from other world regions might themselves originate from the United States. There is no requirement for academia to nominate any candidate based on nominee’s residency or citizenship.
In conformance with World Legislative Act #31, for human rights protection, for governmental quality audit purposes, and for heading up the public defenders, the people of each constituent world district will be able to elect 5 District Ombudsen and 25 Deputy District Ombudsen. This means that from the 45 world districts comprising the United States, there will be 225 World District Ombudsen and 1125 Deputy Ombudsen elected.
Additionally, there are provisions for a wide range of electoral processes in world federation. One can refer to World Legislative Act #29, the Elections Act for further details.